EFEKTIVITAS MEDIA MANIPULATIF TERHADAP HASIL BELAJAR MATEMATIKA MATERI OPERASI HITUNG BILANGAN CACAH PADA SISWA KELAS III

Abstract

This study aims to improve mathematics learning outcomes in the material of arithmetic operations of whole numbers through the use of manipulative media in elementary school students. The background of this study is based on the low student learning outcomes caused by learning that is still abstract and does not actively involve students. Students have difficulty in understanding the concept of arithmetic operations due to the lack of use of media that can concretize the learning material. Therefore, corrective action is needed through the application of manipulative media. This study uses the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method which is implemented in two cycles. Each cycle consists of four stages, namely planning, action implementation, observation, and reflection. The research subjects are third-grade elementary school students. Data collection techniques are carried out through learning outcome tests to measure the improvement of student abilities and observation sheets to determine student activities during the learning process. Data are analyzed using quantitative descriptive techniques by comparing learning outcomes and student activities in each cycle. The results of the study indicate that the use of manipulative media is able to improve student learning outcomes gradually. In the first cycle, there was an increase in students' average scores, but it has not yet reached the established success indicators. The results of observations also show that some students are still less active in learning. Improvements were made in cycle II by optimizing the use of manipulative media and increasing student engagement in learning activities. In cycle II, student learning outcomes significantly improved, as evidenced by increases in average grades and learning completion percentages. Student activity also increased, as evidenced by their active participation in asking and answering questions,  and participating in the use of media.