KONSEP KEMURTADAN DALAM AL QUR’AN( STUDI TEMATIK TAFSIR MUNIR WAHBAH AZ - ZUHAILI )

Abstract

Apostasy, according to Abd al-Rahman al-Jazari, in his book Al Fiqh 'ala al-Madhahib al-Arba'ah, is defined as a Muslim who chooses disbelief before committing martyrdom and abandons Islamic law. According to Zakaria Al-Ansari, an apostate is a Muslim who intentionally abandons Islam and joins infidels with the intention of criticizing or opposing Islam. This term means changing one's beliefs, from changing one's beliefs to a new belief considered better and more reliable. The word apostasy is used in Islam, and those who do this are called apostates, meaning they abandon Islam. If we examine various works referring to this word, we can find almost the same meaning. This indicates a general agreement between scholars of the past and present regarding the conditions for leaving Islam. This research aims to determine the interpretation of the verses of the Qur'an regarding apostasy, as well as to determine the existence of apostates from the perspective of Tafsir Al-Munir

The method used is an objective method, namely by collecting verses from the Koran that have one purpose, discussing certain titles/topics/sectors, and arranging them as closely as possible according to the time they were revealed according to the reasons. for their revelations. Then pay attention to these verses along with their explanations, interpretations, and relationships with other verses, then apply the law and you will get the desired results.

The research results show that the interpretation of Wahbah Az Zuhaili refers to the conclusion, namely that an apostate will have all his good deeds erased while he is still a believer and will remain in hell. However, the erasure of these deeds will be realized if he has died but has not had time to return to faith, according to Imam Syafi'i. Meanwhile, according to Imam Malik and Imam Abu Hanifah, when his deeds were erased, he immediately apostatized without having to wait for his death.