DAMPAK PENGGUNAAN KECERDASAN BUATAN TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA SMA DALAM PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA: ANALISIS PELUANG DAN TANTANGAN DI ERA DIGITAL

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the impact of the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) on senior high school students’ critical thinking skills in Indonesian language learning by examining its opportunities and challenges in the digital era. The study employed a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) method by reviewing 30 scientific articles obtained from Google Scholar, SINTA, and ResearchGate databases based on predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The analysis process was conducted through stages of identification, selection, evaluation, and synthesis of relevant previous studies. The findings indicate that the use of AI in learning has a dualistic impact on students’ critical thinking skills. On the one hand, AI has the potential to enhance critical thinking through broad access to information, personalized learning, instant feedback, and support for students’ analytical, evaluative, and argumentative activities. On the other hand, uncontrolled use of AI may lead to cognitive dependency, reduced originality of thought, and decreased reflective and independent analytical abilities. Therefore, the successful integration of AI in Indonesian language learning depends greatly on appropriate instructional design, teachers’ competence, and students’ digital and AI literacy. This study emphasizes that AI should be positioned as a learning support tool that enhances critical thinking processes rather than replacing students’ cognitive activities.