ANALISIS KESULITAN DAN STRATEGI PEMBELAJARAN PENJUMLAHAN TEKNIK MENYIMPAN PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS III SEKOLAH DASAR:PENDEKATAN STUDI LITERATUR SISTEMATIS

Abstract

This study examines the difficulties experienced by third-grade elementary school students in performing addition with carrying technique. The problem is mainly caused by students’ weak understanding of place value and is also influenced by mathematics anxiety, which affects their participation and learning outcomes. This study aims to identify effective instructional strategies to overcome these difficulties through a systematic literature review. The method used is a qualitative approach by analyzing 15 selected articles published between 2020 and 2024 from credible scientific databases. The analysis follows PRISMA procedures including identification, screening, and synthesis stages. The results indicate that students’ difficulties are influenced by both cognitive and affective factors. Effective strategies include the use of concrete and manipulative media, contextual learning approaches, Realistic Mathematics Education (RME), and digital innovations such as gamification. These approaches improve conceptual understanding, motivation, and learning outcomes. In addition, the Merdeka Curriculum provides flexibility for implementing student-centered learning. Therefore, an integrated approach addressing both conceptual and emotional aspects is essential.