ANALISIS KEMAMPUAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH MATEMATIKA SISWA KELAS IV SD PADA MATERI BANGUN DATAR

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the mathematical problem-solving abilities of fourth-grade elementary school students in the topic of plane figures. The background of this study is based on the importance of problem-solving abilities as a core competency in mathematics learning, particularly in understanding basic geometric concepts that are contextual and applicable. The research method used was descriptive qualitative, with fourth-grade students at an elementary school as subjects. Data collection techniques included written problem-solving tests, interviews, and documentation of student work. Data analysis was conducted based on Polya's problem-solving stages: understanding the problem, planning a solution, implementing the plan, and checking. The results showed that students' problem-solving abilities were still in the moderate to low category. Most students were able to understand the problems presented, but had difficulty planning appropriate solution strategies. During the implementation stage, many students made procedural and calculation errors, particularly in determining appropriate formulas for certain plane figures. Furthermore, the checking stage was almost never performed by students, indicating a lack of reflection in the mathematical thinking process. Factors contributing to this low ability include a lack of understanding of basic concepts, a lack of problem-solving-based practice, and a learning approach that still focuses on memorizing formulas. Based on these findings, it is concluded that improvements are needed in the mathematics learning process, such as implementing learning models that emphasize problem-solving, providing contextual problems, and encouraging students to reflect on their solutions. This is expected to optimally improve students' mathematical problem-solving abilities