PENGARUH PROFITABILITAS, PROPORSI KOMISARIS INDEPENDEN DAN UKURAN PERUSAHAAN TERHADAP MANAJEMEN PAJAK: ANALISIS MODERASI SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING EMITEN SEKTOR BARANG KONSUMSI PRIMER BURSA EFEK INDONESIA

Abstract

Tax management is a strategy undertaken by companies to manage tax obligations effectively and efficiently in order to support the achievement of corporate objectives while complying with applicable tax regulations. This study aims to examine the effect of profitability, the proportion of independent commissioners, and firm size on tax management, with sustainability reporting serving as a moderating variable in primary consumer goods companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange during the 2021–2024 period. This research employs a quantitative approach using secondary data obtained from annual reports and sustainability reports. The sample was selected using a purposive sampling method, resulting in 30 companies with a total of 120 observations. Data were analyzed using panel data regression with the Fixed Effect Model (FEM) and Moderated Regression Analysis (MRA). The results indicate that profitability has a positive and significant effect on tax management. In contrast, the proportion of independent commissioners and firm size do not have a significant effect on tax management. Sustainability reporting is found to weaken the effect of profitability on tax management but is unable to moderate the effect of the proportion of independent commissioners on tax management. Furthermore, sustainability reporting is proven to moderate the relationship between firm size and tax management by strengthening the relationship. However, this finding does not support the proposed hypothesis, which predicted that sustainability reporting would weaken the effect of firm size on tax management. Simultaneously, profitability, the proportion of independent commissioners, and firm size significantly affect tax management. This study provides empirical evidence that enriches the literature on the determinants of tax management and the role of sustainability reporting in the relationship between corporate characteristics and tax management.