POTENSI DAN PENGEMBANGAN SENYAWA ALAM SEBAGAI AGEN ANTIKANKER MELALUI PENDEKATAN KIMIA MEDISINAL

Abstract

Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, with an increasing incidence each year. Conventional treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy remain the primary options; however, they are associated with significant side effects and drug resistance. Therefore, safer and more effective therapeutic alternatives are needed.Natural compounds derived from plants have shown strong potential as anticancer agents due to their ability to target multiple molecular pathways involved in cancer progression. This study aims to review the potential of natural compounds and their development strategies through a medicinal chemistry approach.

This study employed a structured literature review using scientific publications from 2017–2025, including identification, screening, eligibility assessment, and inclusion processes.The results indicate that flavonoids, alkaloids, and terpenoids exhibit anticancer activities through apoptosis induction, inhibition of cell proliferation, and suppression of angiogenesis. Furthermore, medicinal chemistry strategies such as molecular modification and nanotechnology significantly improve bioavailability and therapeutic effectiveness.In conclusion, natural compounds possess significant potential as anticancer agents and can be further optimized through medicinal chemistry approaches to achieve more effective and safer therapies.