STRUKTUR CERITA DALAM KUNAUNG KARYA ISKANDAR ZAKARIA: KAJIAN NARATOLOGI A.J. GREMAS

Abstract

This research aims to describe the narrative structure in the collection of folklore found in the book Kunaung by Iskandar Zakaria through the perspective of A.J. Greimas' narratology. Theoretically, the focus of this study includes the analysis of nine folktales, including Beranak Beruk, Putri Rebung Bersuamikan Ular, Belalai Raja, Ikan Mas dan Ikan Raya, Batu Patah, Dallidau, Tiang Bungkuk Menduga Raja, Nek Demang Nunggit, and Puti Ayu Maryam, with an emphasis on the narratological elements that construct the plot. The method used in this research is a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques involving repeated reading of the narrative texts. The steps conducted in this research are: 1) reading the narrative texts in the book Kunaung repeatedly to gain understanding, 2) analyzing the data, 3) validating the data, and 4) presenting the data. The results of the analysis show that the narrative structure in the book Kunaung has unique characteristics, where seven out of the nine stories possess a single actantial scheme and functional model, while two other stories, Putri Rebung Bersuamikan Ular and Nek Demang Nunggit, have complex plots divided into two phases. The research findings prove the presence of actantial scheme elements that are generally complete, although variations exist, such as the absence of an opponent actant in certain phases, as seen in the story Putri Rebung Bersuamikan Ular. Furthermore, it was discovered that the sender and opponent actants in these stories are often not physical entities but rather mystical elements, secrets, dreams, or the ignoble traits of the subject character themselves.