TEKNIK ANALISIS DATA DALAM PENELITIAN PENDIDIKAN: PENDEKATAN STATISTIK DAN CODING

Abstract

This article examines data analysis techniques in educational research by integrating statistical approaches and qualitative coding methods. The main problem addressed is the limited understanding among education researchers regarding the appropriate selection and application of data analysis techniques based on research design and data characteristics. This study aims to provide a comprehensive explanation of quantitative and qualitative data analysis techniques and to compare their functions and applications in educational research. The methodology employed is a descriptive-analytical approach through literature review, analyzing textbooks and scholarly journal articles related to statistics and grounded theory analysis. The discussion covers descriptive statistics (mean, median, and mode), inferential statistics such as t-tests, ANOVA, and correlation analysis, as well as qualitative data analysis using open coding, axial coding, and selective coding. The results indicate that quantitative data analysis emphasizes numerical measurement, hypothesis testing, and generalization, while qualitative data analysis focuses on meaning construction, contextual understanding, and theory development based on empirical data. Furthermore, the comparison reveals that each analytical technique has distinct strengths and limitations, and its effectiveness depends on research objectives and data types. This study concludes that a clear understanding of statistical and coding-based analysis techniques is essential for producing valid, accurate, and scientifically accountable findings in educational research.